Survey on key technologies for native-intelligence-driven spectrum management towards 6G

The evolution of communication networks is intensifying spectrum scarcity due to the growing number of frequency-dependent devices. Native-intelligence in 6G, which leverages machine learning for spectrum management, offers an effective way to enhance spectrum utilization. The research on key technologies for native-intelligence-driven spectrum management in 6G was surveyed. Firstly, emerging trends in spectrum evolution were analyzed. Secondly, a three-layer spectrum management analysis framework was established. Within this framework, native-intelligence-driven decision-making applications in cooperative spectrum sensing and dynamic spectrum access were compared, and security solutions based on blockchain and machine learning were summarized. Finally, potential challenges and future research directions were discussed.