Impact of risk factors on cancer development

Impact of risk factors on cancer development Abstract This thesis focused on quantifying the impact of behavioural, environmental, and social factors on cancer incidence and mortality in populations of selected countries. The primary objective was to evaluate the influence of selected cancer risk factors in relation to incidence and mortality, with particular emphasis on a comparative perspective and the application of the population attributable fraction method. The findings indicated that smoking remained the most important preventable risk factor for cancer, accounting for approximately 20% of all cancer cases in Europe. The analyses further revealed substantial socioeconomic and racial inequalities in tobacco-related cancer mortality. The Czech study contributed to the international context by estimating the impact of alcohol consumption on cancer mortality. It was found that excessive alcohol consumption was responsible for nearly 4% of all cancer deaths in the Czech population. Environmental risks were addressed as well. Using France as an example, it was demonstrated that the spatial resolution of air pollution models, specifically those based on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations, significantly affected the estimated proportion of lung cancer cases attributable to this risk factor....