Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Use and Surgical Site Infection in Caesarean Section Patients

Caesarean Section (CS) is a clean-contaminated surgery. Patients undergoing CS are at risk of developing a surgical site infection (SSI). Antibiotic prophylaxis serves as a critical preventive strategy of infections in the surgical site. The objective of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness of prophylactic antibiotics use by analyzing type, dose, route, timing and duration of antibiotic administration using the Gyssen flowchart as well as to monitor the incidence of SSIs in patients undergoing CS. The study was conducted retrospectively from January to May 2025 at a General Hospital in Bondowoso, and obtained 191 samples (11 emergency CS patients and 180 elective CS patients). In general, the study results demonstrated that the appropriate use of antibiotics was 58.64% (90.91% in emergency CS patients, 56.67% in elective S patients). Inappropriate timing of administration is the most prevalent category of inappropriateness, which occurred in 71 patients (37.17%). Postoperative SSI were identified in two patients (0.93%). Although the evaluation of antibiotic administration shows a high rate of inappropriate antibiotic use, the incidence of SSI is very low (0.93%).