The Effects of Macadamia Nut Oil and Coconut Oil on the Voltage Production of Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as an innovative photovoltaic option because they combine high energy conversion efficiency with inexpensive manufacturing methods. However, their long-term stability remains a vital issue. This study investigated the impact of eco-friendly oils, macadamia nut and coconut, on the voltage of PSCs compared to untreated PSCs on voltage production. It was hypothesized that the combination of macadamia nut and coconut oil would result in the greatest voltage. Voltage output was measured across 30 trials in 1-minute intervals under controlled LED light. PSCs were replaced after every 10 trials, resulting in 12 total solar cells being used. Untreated PSCs initially produced high voltages up to 0.57 V but degraded rapidly, whereas macadamia nut and coconut oil PSCs showed low average voltages of 0.030 V and 0.038 V. In contrast, the macadamia and coconut combined PSC demonstrated an average voltage of 0.26 V. The macadamia and coconut combined PSC maintained consistent output with a standard deviation of 0.25 V, with the maximum voltage reaching 1.3 V. A one-way ANOVA test and post-hoc analysis showed that mean voltages differed significantly across all treatments: F(3, 116) = 14.23, p < 0.001.Together, these findings suggest that eco-friendly combinations of oils can enhance stability and mitigate rapid degradation. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to balance efficiency and stability in recent solar technologies.