Правове регулювання нафтогазових відносин в Україні: євроінтеграція та воєнні виклики

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legislative framework governing oil and gas relations in Ukraine, taking into account contemporary European integration processes, transformations of energy markets, and challenges caused by the imposition of martial law. The study is structured according to the technological organization of the oil and gas complex and covers the main groups of relations that form a unified production and economic chain, namely: exploration and extraction of oil and gas, their primary processing, transportation, distribution, storage, and supply to final consumers. Special attention is paid to the legal nature of relations in the field of use of oil and gas–bearing subsoil, the correlation between natural resource, administrative, and environmental regulation, as well as the evolution of permitting procedures, in particular the transition to electronic auctions for special permits and the strengthening of state accounting of subsoil use. The article analyzes production sharing agreements as an instrument for attracting investment and identifies their regulatory and environmental limitations. The author examines the legal regulation of pipeline transport, gas transmission and gas distribution systems, and the storage of natural gas and oil, including the formation of a system of minimum stocks of oil and petroleum products. The impact of unbundling, licensing, and the legal regime of natural monopolies on the status of key market participants is highlighted. The legal foundations of natural gas supply, the role of contractual regulation, and competition between suppliers are also characterized. The emphasis is placed on the fact that all economic activities within the oil and gas sector are permeated by a strong administrative-legal influence, the most effective instruments of which are the granting of permits and licensing. Based on the results of the study, the main characteristic features of domestic oil and gas legislation are identified, namely: the dominance of European integration orientation as a vector of development, the combination of market mechanisms with the legal regime of natural monopolies, and the active use of permitting and licensing instruments as a method of legal regulation.