The Effect of Animal- Versus Plant-Based Protein Powders on Reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans

Although protein is widely known for its benefits in human health, there is not that much known about how different protein sources affect reproduction in other organisms. Understanding these effects is essential, as protein quality and composition can influence fertility. The purpose of this study was to determine whether animal-based protein (ABP) or plant-based protein (PBP) alters reproductive responsiveness in Caenorhabditis elegans. It was hypothesized that if C. elegans were exposed to ABP, then their reproductive responsiveness would decrease compared to worms exposed to PBP or a control diet due to the differing nutritional profiles of the protein types. To test this, agar plates were prepared with ABP, PBP, or no added protein (control), each combined with E. coli OP50 as the food source. A chunking method was performed to transfer worms onto each plate, and responsiveness to light, which indicates if the worms have survived and reproduced, was recorded daily for five days. Mean responsiveness scores were calculated, and a chi-squared test for independence was used to determine whether responsiveness differed among the types of protein given. As seen in the chi-square test, the frequencies across the differences in responsiveness to light of the ABP, PBP, and control groups, χ²(12, N = 690) = 8.968, p = 0.706. Thus, it was concluded that there is not sufficient evidence to suggest that there is a difference between ABP and PBP on reproduction on Caenorhabditis elegans and those not exposed to a protein supplement.