Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal, Risiko Likuiditas, Risiko Kredit, dan Efisiensi Operasional terhadap Profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Swasta Nasional yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2020-2024

This study, entitled “The Influence of Capital Adequacy, Liquidity Risk, Credit Risk, and Operational Efficiency on Profitability of National Private Commercial Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020–2024 Period,” was conducted by Maria Helena Nona Astri (Student ID: 811231024) under the supervision of Dr. Yolinda Yanti Sonbay, SE., M.Sc as the first advisor and Dr. Henny A. Manafe, SE., M.M as the second advisor. This research aims to determine the influence of capital adequacy, liquidity risk, credit risk, operational efficiency, and profitability in National Private Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020–2024 period. This study employs a quantitative research approach. The population consists of 39 National Private Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in this study comprises 7 National Private Commercial Banks selected through purposive sampling. The study utilizes secondary data in the form of financial statements of the sampled banks for the 2020–2024 period. The analytical tool used is Eviews 12, with panel data regression analysis and the selected model being the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of this study indicate that: (1) Capital adequacy has a positive and significant effect on the profitability of National Private Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020–2024 period. (2) Liquidity risk has no significant effect on profitability. (3) Credit risk has a positive and significant effect on profitability. (4) Operational efficiency has a positive and significant effect on profitability. (5) Capital Adequacy, Liquidity Risk, Credit Risk, and Operational Efficiency simultaneously have a significant effect on profitability. Banks are advised to maintain an adequate level of capital adequacy to ensure resilience against various risks while providing room for future growth and business development. In addition, banks should continuously improve their credit and liquidity risk management systems to minimize potential losses that may reduce profitability.