Pengaturan Hukum Dan Kepastian Hukum Konversi Sertifikat Tanah Konvensional Ke Sertifikat Elektronik

Land holds a strategic position as it embodies economic, social, and juridical values; therefore, land certificates play a crucial role as evidence in ensuring legal certainty and legal protection of land rights. However, in practice, the conventional land certification system remains vulnerable to various issues, including document forgery, dual ownership, overlapping claims, and land mafia practices. This situation has prompted the government to reform land administration through a digitalization policy by implementing electronic land certificates as regulated under Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 3 of 2023. This study aims to examine the legal framework governing the conversion of conventional land certificates into electronic form and to analyze the guarantees of legal certainty and legal protection for holders of electronic land certificates within Indonesia’s digital land administration system. The research method employed is normative juridical, using statutory and conceptual approaches, based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that electronic land certificates provide a comprehensive scope in the digital transformation of land administration. Legally, electronic certificates have equal status to conventional certificates and ensure legal certainty and protection through both preventive and repressive mechanisms.