Gasifikasi Biomassa Tempurung Kelapa Dengan Katalis Cangkang Telur Pada Reaktor Fluidized Bed

This study aims to analyze the effect of eggshell-derived calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst on the performance of coconut shell biomass gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The research was conducted experimentally at laboratory scale with catalyst concentrations of 0%, 2%, and 4% by biomass weight. The analyzed parameters include reactor temperature distribution, syngas composition, lower heating value (LHV), and tar yield.The CaO catalyst was produced through eggshell calcination at 900°C for 4 hours. The gasification process was carried out using a bubbling fluidized bed reactor with silica sand as the bed material. Temperature distribution was measured using thermocouples, gas composition was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC), LHV was cal ulated based on gas composition, and tar was collected using a condensation method. The results indicate that the addition of 4% CaO catalyst produced a more stable temperature distribution and improved syngas quality, as evidenced by increased concentrations of CO, H₂, and CH₄ and a reduction in CO₂ content. The highest LHV of 1.494 MJ/Nm³ was achieved at 4% catalyst loading. In addition, the use of CaO catalyst significantly reduced tar formation compared to gasification without catalyst, while the 2% catalyst addition did not show optimal performance. It can be concluded that eggshell-derived CaO catalyst at a concentration of 4% is effective in enhancing syngas quality and reducing tar formation in coconut shell biomass gasification.