HERITRACE: participatie van domeinexperts in semantische datacuratie mogelijk maken met geïntegreerde herkomst- en wijzigingsregistratie

Cultural heritage institutions increasingly adopt Semantic Web technologies for FAIR compliance. In cultural heritage, semantic data is inherently interpretative and requires human curation, yet technical complexity prevents domain experts from contributing. This thesis addresses the usability gap through two research questions: RQ1 asks how to design interfaces enabling domain experts to curate RDF data without requiring technical expertise while maintaining provenance and change tracking; RQ2 asks how technical staff can perform one-time configuration of curation environments for specialized domains. Two case studies serve distinct roles: OpenCitations Meta validates that barriers exist at scale in systems processing 124 million entities; ParaText serves as testbed for guerrilla testing. These reveal five convergent requirements: provenance management, change tracking, usability for both domain experts and configurators, flexible customization, and integration with existing RDF collections. HERITRACE addresses these requirements through a framework built on the OpenCitations Data Model for provenance and change tracking, with the Time Agnostic Library enabling reconstruction of past entity states. Technicians use familiar SHACL shapes and YAML rules to configure entity types, validation constraints, and display settings; the framework then generates interfaces from these configurations. End users create, modify, delete, and merge entities and restore previous states through version history, without awareness of the underlying RDF infrastructure. Evaluation with 9 end users and 10 technicians combines quantitative measures and grounded theory analysis. For RQ1, end users completed curation tasks with 67% to 100% success and above-average usability (SUS 78.9). For RQ2, technicians achieved 90% success with excellent usability (SUS 83.8). Since most institutions maintain collections in relational databases, preliminary research explores extending RML to enable inverse transformations: RDF serves as a lingua franca, with HERITRACE curating semantic data while inverse mappings transfer modifications back to original databases, allowing institutions to adopt FAIR principles without changing their existing infrastructure.