Emerging Adults' Understanding of Online Hate Speech
Abstract
Warning: the material shown here is of disturbing nature. Contained here are examples of social media posts with anti-Black racism, Islamophobic, antisemitic, and anti-Romani messages used as focus group stimuli to explore how emerging adults perceive and engage with online hate speech. The examples are a mix of explicit, implicit, visual, and textual posts. Participants were asked: 1. Is this hate speech; why / why not? 2. How does it make you feel? 3. What do you think about the post? 4. What would you do if you read this post?
Fields of Study & Subjects
Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
Social and Intergroup Psychology
Misinformation and Its Impacts
Publication details
- Journal / source
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
- Publication date
- 4 March 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint