La nutrición y la actividad física en la prevención del sedentarismo. Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis

Introduction: In Ecuador, some recent studies indicate that promoting physical activity in schools and communities has had some success in reducing levels of sedentary lifestyle; however, these results are still limited and the impact of nutritional interventions has been less studied. Objective: To analyze the literature on the prevention of sedentary lifestyle, especially with regard to nutrition and physical activity, published in Ecuador. Material and Methods: In the systematic review, key terms or phrases such as “sedentary lifestyle in Ecuador,” “prevention of sedentary lifestyle in Ecuador,” and “nutrition and physical activity in the prevention of sedentary lifestyle” were applied using a combination of controlled terms and free-text keywords related to sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, nutrition, and the Ecuadorian context. Boolean operators (AND, OR), truncation, and database-specific field labels were used, applying the search strings to titles, abstracts, and keywords. Results: The most significant progress occurred among young people aged 18 to 25 years. Studies argue that regular exercise during comprehensive health workshops and the promotion of active lifestyles has increased adherence to physical activity at university. When addressing specific programs for young adults, it is highly relevant to consider the academic curriculum variable and secondary objectives, given the short life span and motivation of university students. Conclusions: The need to establish promotional programs on school campuses, as well as in communities and workplaces is underlined.