Approaches of Social Workers to the Independence and Quality of Life Improvement for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

This thesis deals with social workers' approaches to independence and improving the quality of life of people with mental disabilities. The aim of the thesis was to find out what theoretical approaches are used in social work with people with mental disabilities. The theoretical part is divided into four sections, with the first chapter focusing on defining the terminology of mental disability, classification, and models of mental disability. The second chapter describes the anchoring of human rights with regard to the target group of people with mental disabilities. The third chapter deals with social services, quality of life, and the process of independence. The last chapter describes theoretical approaches in social work. The analytical part is based on a qualitative research strategy and semi-structured interviews conducted with social workers from social services supporting independent living and sheltered housing for people with mental disabilities. The research survey showed that social workers described the application of a person-centered and ecological approach, with respect, empathy, and individualized support as the key principles of their work. Emphasis is placed on strengthening clients' autonomy, developing the skills needed for independent living, and balancing support with...