Implementation of the family reunification directive in Belgium : specificities and challenges

The main sources of interpretation by the Commission are its guidelines in COM (2014) 210, 3 April 20 and Communication COM(2019)162 of 29 March 2019.4 Art.63(1)(3)(a) TEC, now Art.79(2)(a) TFEU.Denmark, Ireland and UK are not bound, see recital 17-18.42 Article 5 and 15 Directive 2003/109 and Article 7(1)(c) Directive 2004/38.43 Case C-578/08 Chakroun.44 Chakroun para 43.45 Chakroun para 49.46 Chakroun para 48.47 Case C-558/14 Khachab [2016] ECLI:EU:C:2016:285 paras 30-31.48 Khachab paras 45-47.49 Khachab paras 42-43.83 COM(2014)210, para.2.2.See for instance Case C-316/85 Lebon [1987] paras 21-22; Case C-200/02, Zhu and Chen [2004] para 43; C-1/05, Jia [2007] paras 36-37; Case C-83/11 Rahman and Others [2012] paras 18-45.84 Case C-273/20 and C-355/20, SW, [2022] paras.66 and 68.85 Case C-673/16, Coman [2018].86 Coman, paras 39-40.87 See for instance Pajić v. Croatia, App no 68453/13, [ECHR 23 February 2016], para 81-83 and Taddeucci and McCall v. Italy,