ТЕХНІКО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ МЕТРОЛОГІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ МЕТОДІВ ТА ЗАСОБІВ ДІАГНОСТУВАННЯ АВТОМОБІЛІВ

The article addresses the problem of the influence of measurement (diagnostic) information reliability on the operational efficiency of road transport enterprises. It is shown that under modern vehicle operating conditions, the quality of metrological support for diagnostic methods and tools is one of the key factors determining the technical and economic performance of transport enterprises, including fleet availability ratio, vehicle downtime, annual mileage, and overall economic outcomes. Insufficient reliability of diagnostic information leads to Type I and Type II diagnostic errors, which differ in nature but jointly result in significant economic losses. A comprehensive analytical method for the quantitative assessment of economic losses caused by metrological uncertainty of diagnostic methods and instruments used in vehicle maintenance and repair processes is proposed. The method is based on accounting for the probabilities of diagnostic errors, labour intensity of maintenance and repair operations, vehicle downtime duration, fleet productivity, and organizational and operational conditions of enterprise functioning. A system of analytical relationships is developed that enables estimation of annual losses due to diagnostic errors and comparison of calculated values with actual operational performance indicators. To eliminate the influence of fleet size and enterprise scale on the assessment results, an integrated indicator termed the specific metrological loss coefficient, normalized per vehicle mileage, is introduced. This indicator provides an objective basis for comparing the level of metrological support of diagnostic operations across different transport enterprises, production units, or maintenance zones. The analysis results demonstrate that the dominant share of total economic losses is associated with Type II errors related to missed faults, especially in units affecting vehicle safety, fuel consumption, and environmental performance. The proposed approach can be used to justify the implementation of advanced diagnostic equipment, optimize operational tolerances of diagnostic parameters, and assess the economic efficiency of measures aimed at improving metrological support in road transport enterprises.