ERIS Study 1. Understanding implicit statistical learning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

As part of the ERIS project, Study 1 seeks to improve our understanding of implicit statistical learning (ISL) and associated factors in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). To this end, we conduct a systematic review of the existing literature and an empirical investigation of ISL performance in individuals with SSDs and healthy controls (see registration at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42025105101). For the empirical component, we administer a standard tone-based transitional probabilities task. In this task, participants listen to a continuous stream of tones that—unbeknownst to them—contains hidden "words": sequences of three tones that are more likely to occur together. Later, participants are presented with two tritones (one "word" and one foil) and asked to choose the one that feels more familiar. Individuals with SSDs are expected to perform above chance, with no significant difference compared to healthy controls. We also explore sociodemographic and clinical correlates of ISL performance. For further detail, see the study registration. Study stimuli and other accompanying files will be made available during manuscript preparation.