Unraveling the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying counter-conditioning in humans

OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) 2026 Preprint

Authors: Erno Hermans, Guillen Fernandez, Judith Homberg, Jette de Vos, Lisa Wirz, Marloes Henckens, Maxime Houtekamer, Joseph E Dunsmoor
Cited by: 0

Abstract

In this 2-session functional MRI study, we investigated the neurocognitive mechanisms of counterconditioning (CC). We observed ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation during regular extinction, but vmPFC deactivation and nucleus accumbens activation during CC (MRI). Physiological threat responses returned in the regular extinction but not the CC group (Pupil). Furthermore, threat-associated memories from the learning and CC phase were enhanced (Behavior).

Fields of Study & Subjects

Memory and Neural Mechanisms Anxiety Depression Psychometrics Treatment Cognitive Processes Memory Processes and Influences

Publication details

Journal / source
OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
Publication date
11 February 2026
Document type
Preprint