Evaluation of CAD/CAM and 3D-printed space maintainers: a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines

While extensive information is available on conventional space maintainers, this is not the case for those fabricated using CAD/CAM or 3D printing. In contrast to the well-studied performance of conventional space maintainers, the performance of CAD/CAM or 3D-printed space maintainers remains largely unknown. It is widely acknowledged that managing pediatric dental patients can be challenging, as young patients often have limited tolerance for extended dental procedures. Given the positive findings reported in recent studies regarding digital space maintainers, understanding their clinical and mechanical outcomes will help clinicaians eliminate some fabrication steps, minimize the potential for errors, and reduce the chairside time required for fittings and adjustments. These improvements are particularly beneficial in enhancing patient compliance and improving the overall patient experience. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the performance of digital space maintainers manufactured using CAD/CAM or direct 3D printing and to assess their associated clinical and mechanical outcomes compared to conventional space maintainers.