Anerkendelse i Aristoteles' retorik og etik:Logos, ethos, eunoia og philia

This article argues that Aristotle’s rhetoric and ethics implicitly articulate a theory of recognition, not grounded in modern notions of subjectivity or rights, but in an ontological and relational structure of human being-in-the-polis. Against modern recognition theories that presuppose a reflective, autonomous subject, the article reconstructs recognition as immanent to logos under-stood as practical, deliberative, and community-constituting speech. Through a systematic analysis of key Aristotelian concepts—aretē, ethos, eunoia, logos, and philia—the article shows how rhetorical practice enables mutual visibility, trust, and valuation among citizens, thereby stabilizing the ethical and political order of the polis and countering the threat of stasis. This interpretation is further developed through Martin Heidegger’s early Aristotelian lectures, which radicalize the ontological significance of logos, doxa, and being-with-others (Mitsein). Finally, the article engages Barbara Cassin’s critique of the ontologization of logos to reflect on the limits of polis-based recognition in a plural, multilingual world.