ФАКТОРИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РОСЛИННИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

Crop production in Ukraine plays a key role in the development of agriculture. Agricultural production is a source of food for the population and a resource for some kinds of industry. Certain types of products are used in livestock and poultry farming. Thanks to the development of this area, Ukraine has expanded its trade influence through the sale of grain and oilseed crops abroad. Over the years of independence, thanks to reforms and support for farms, crop production itself began to develop at a rapid pace. What factors made this possible? The form of management in the agricultural sector has changed from collective to private land ownership. Farmers use the latest land cultivation technologies. Special means are used to strengthen and protect crops from diseases and pests. Natural and synthesized nutrients are added to the soil to increase plant productivity. Each factor has its own economic effect on crop yields. This article is a continuation of the study [18] and presents results of analysis of the individual factors, namely the amount of nutrients in fertilizers, which is a prerequisite for increasing productivity of plants and profitability in the agricultural sector. Author analyzed the overall effect of the use of mineral fertilizers, or more precisely, its components, and outlined their impact on the yield of individual crops using regression functions. In particular, the effect was manifested in the form of a decrease in the cost of production. Simultaneously, it is presented that excessive fertilizer input per unit of agricultural area does not lead to an infinite decrease in the cost of production. There are at least two reasons for this. The first is the cost of production, the critical value of which cannot be exceeded to ensure break-even conditions. The second reason is the negative consequences of using excessive amounts of fertilizers, which cannot be allowed. The analysis was performed based on data from official sources such as sites of State Statistics Service of Ukraine and FAOSTAT for the period 1992-2023. The database includes indicators of fertilizer production volumes, it exports and imports, use per unit of agricultural land area, per capita and per agricultural production value. It is considered the three main plant nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were analyzed.