Bioavailability and ADMET

Modern drug discovery emphasizes the importance of a thorough understanding of drug bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties, as described through ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) parameters. Bioavailability describes the fraction of a drug dose that reaches systemic circulation intact, while ADMET determines the pharmacokinetic efficacy and safety of a compound. In the early stages of drug design, the use of Lipinski's Rule of Five and Veber's Rules is an important reference for assessing the suitability of a compound as an oral drug candidate. Bioavailability scores (BAS) and ADMET parameters can now be predicted using computational tools such as SwissADME, pkCSM, and ADMETlab. This article discusses the relationship between bioavailability and ADMET in drug discovery and the role of in silico approaches in accelerating the discovery and optimization of active compounds.